QUESTIONS ON REMAINDERS & DIVISIBILITY (PART-VI)
QUERY 51
n is a whole number which when divided by 4 gives 3 as remainder. What will be the remainder when 2n is divided by 4 ?
A) 3
B) 2
C) 1
D) 0
MAHA GUPTA
DIVISION ALGORITHM = DIVIDEND × (DIVISOR × QUOTIENT) + REMAINDER
So, CASE-I: n = 4q + 3.
In case-II the dividend becomes 2n
Thus multiplying the equation of case-I by 2
2n = 8q + 6
=> 2n = 4(2q + 1) + 2
Therefore when 2n is is divided by 4 the remainder is 2 (option ‘B’)
QUERY 52
Which of the following numbers will completely divide (461 + 462 + 463 + 464)?
A) 3
B) 10
C) 11
D) 13
MAHA GUPTA
461 + 462 + 463 + 464
= 461(1 + 4 + 42 + 43)
= 461 × 85
It’s clear from the above that 85 is a factor of the given expression. We know that if a factor of an expression is divisible by any number, that whole expression too is divisible by that number.
But here we see none of the number given in the answer options is dividing 85 completely, so we need to move further like this:
461 × 85 = 460 × 4¹ × 85 = 460 × 340
Now, we see 340 is divisible by 10, so the given expression too is divisible by 10 (option ‘B’)