SOLUTION Direct Indirect Speech PRACTICE SET 1 SOLVED IN HINDI
Direct Indirect Speech Practice Set 1 SOLVED IN HINDI & ENGLISH (with options)
VIEW SOLUTION WITH EXPLANATION IN HINDI
1. He said, “Will you come to my house?” I said, “No.”
Answer: A
Explanation: Option ‘A’ (He asked me if I would go to his house and I said that I would not.). COME कभी तो GO में बदल जाता है और कभी नहीं. यदि Indirect Speech का reporter report करते समय उस व्यक्ति के साथ है जिसने Direct Speech की है तो COME का COME ही रहता है; और यदि वह उसके साथ नहीं है तो इसको GO में बदला जाता है. क्योंकि Direct Speech का tense past tense में है तो स्पष्ट है कि Indirect Speech का reporter report करते समय उस व्यक्ति के साथ नहीं है है; अतः यहाँ COME को GO में बदलना आवश्यक है.
YES/NO को Indirect Speech में निम्न प्रकार से बदला जाता है:
Subject + दिए गये question की helping verb Helping Verb
अथवा
YES को ‘Answered/Replied in the Affirmative’ में बदला जाता है; और NO को Answered/Replied in the Negative में बदला जाता है; जैसे
a) He said, “Will you have time to do it?” and I said “Yes.”
= He asked if I would have time to do it and I said that I would.
= He asked if I would have time to do it and I replied/answered in the affirmative.
b) He said, “Can you swim?” and I said “NO.”
= He asked (me) if I could swim and I said I could not.
= He asked (me) if I could swim and replied/answered in the negative.
IN NEGATIVE अशुद्ध है क्योंकि इसमें article THE का use नहीं किया गया है; अतः option ‘D’ अशुद्ध है.
2. Ram will say, “I need two boys to assists me.”
Answer: D
Explanation: Option ‘D’ (Ram will say that he needs two boys to assist him.). Reporting Verb का tense जब he present tense अथवा future tense हो तो, Reported Speech का tense नहीं बदलता; सिर्फ pronouns में बदलाव होता है. दिए गये वाक्य की Reporting Verb WILL SAY future tense में है.
3. He said to the judge, “I did not commit this crime.”
Answer: C
Explanation: Option ‘C’ (He told the judge that he had not committed the crime.). Indirect Speech में THIS और THESE को कैसे बदला जाता है इसके लिए ये पढ़िए: यदि Reporting Verb past tense में हो तो समय की अभिव्यक्तियों (time expressions) के THIS को THAT में बदला जाता है और यदि ये सामान्य adjectives हो तो इन दोनों को article THE में बदला जाता है; जैसे
a) He said, “She is coming this week.”
= He said that she was coming that week.
[इस वाक्य में THIS WEEK एक time expression है.]
b) He said, “I bought these pearls for my mother.”
= He said that he had bought the pearls for his mother.
[इस वाक्य में THESE time expression में ना होकर एक सामान्य adjective है.]
4. Robb said, “We shall avenge my father’s death.”
Answer: B
Explanation: Option ‘B’ (Robb said that they would avenge his father’s death.). देखिये SHALL/SHOULD को Indirect Speech में कैसे बदला जाता है:
Indirect Speech के वाक्य का subject यदि Second Person अथवा Third Person की कोई pronoun अर्थात ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, ‘they’ या ‘you’ हो तो modal verb ‘shall’ आमतौर पर हम ‘would’ में बदलते हैं; लेकिन यदि वह pronoun First Person की कोई pronoun अर्थात ‘I’ या ‘we’ हो तो modal verb ‘shall’ को हम या तो ‘would’ में बदलते हैं या फिर ‘should’ में बदलते हैं.
इसी प्रकार, Indirect Speech के वाक्य का subject यदि Second Person अथवा Third Person की कोई pronoun अर्थात ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, ‘they’ या ‘you’ हो तो modal verb ‘shall’ आमतौर पर हम ‘would’ में बदलते हैं; लेकिन यदि वह pronoun First Person की कोई pronoun अर्थात ‘I’ या ‘we’ हो तो modal verb ‘should’ को हम या तो ‘would’ में बदलते हैं या फिर ‘would’ में; जैसे
a) “I shall be 21 tomorrow,” said Raman.
= Raman said he would be 21 the following day/the next day.
(इस वाक्य में हम ‘shall’ को ‘should’ में नहीं बदल सकते क्योंकि इसमें Indirect Speech के वाक्य का subject Third Person की pronoun अर्थात HE है.)
b) “If I had the instruction manual I should know what to do,” said Mohan.
= Mohan said that if he had the instruction manual he would know to do.
(इस वाक्य में हमें ‘should’ को ‘would’ में बदलना पड़ेगा क्योंकि इसमें Indirect Speech के वाक्य का subject Third Person की pronoun अर्थात HE है.)
c) I said, “I should like to see it.”
= I said I would/should like to see it.
(इस वाक्य में हमें ‘should’ को ‘would’ और ‘should’ दोनों में से किसी में बदल सकते हैं क्योंकि इसमें Indirect Speech के वाक्य का subject First Person की pronoun अर्थात ‘I’ है.)
NOTE: Modal verb ‘shall’ को जब offers अथवा requests, आदि के लिए use किया जाता है तो इसको ‘should’ में भी बदला जा सकता है और ‘would में भी; जैसे
He said, “Where shall I put this box?”
= He asked where he would/should put the box.
The mother said, “What will I do with so much money, my son!”
= The mother asked her son what she should do with so much money.
5. The injured old man exclaimed, “Will none of you help me?”
Answer: A
Explanation: Option ‘A’ (The injured old man exclaimed whether none of them would help him.). Verb EXCLAIM के बाद यदि कोई question हो तो WHETHER का use किया जाता है; IF का नहीं.
6. He said, “The teacher usually does not ask any question.”
Answer: A
Explanation: Option ‘A’ (He said that the teacher usually does not ask any question.) किसी सार्वभौमिक सत्य (universal truth) अथवा किसी व्यक्ति के किसी स्थाई गुण (permanent characteristic) के लिए Indirect Speech में tense को नहीं बदला जाता है. यह किसी teacher का स्थाई गुण होता है कि वह आमतौर पर अपने विद्यार्थियों से कोई question नहीं पूछता. from his students usually.
7. The woman asked how long the letters had been coming for him.
Answer: B
Explanation: Option ‘B’ (“How long have the letters been coming for him?” asked the woman.). HOW LONG का use Present Perfect Continuous Tense के साथ यह कहने के लिए किया जाता है कि कोई घटना (event) past के किसी समय में होकर अभी वर्तमान समय में भी जारी है. दूसरे अन्य शब्द जो Present Perfect Continuous Tense के साथ किये जाते हैं वो हैं: FOR, SINCE और SINCE WHEN. इन शब्दों के लिए इस उद्देश्य से simple continuous tenses का use नहीं किया जाता; अतः option ‘D’ अशुद्ध है.
कुछ उदाहरण देखिये:
a) “How long have you been learning French?” – I’ve been learning it for two months.
b) “Since when have they been dating?” – They’ve been dating since October.
8. “You’d better leave the dog alone,” said the man.
Answer: C
Explanation: Option ‘C’ (The man warned me to leave the dog alone.). देखिये HAD BETTER को Indirect Speech में कैसे बदला जाता है:
Direct Speech का subject अगर ‘1st/3rd person + had better’ हो तो इसमें कोई बदलाव नहीं होता; और अगर ‘2nd person + had better’ हो तो इसको या तो ‘advise/warn + object + to-infinitive’ में बदल देते हैं या फिर इसमें कोई बदलाव नहीं करते; जैसे
a) He said, “I’d better hurry.”
= He said that he’d better hurry.
(इस वाक्य की Direct Speech का subject ‘1st person + had better’ है; इसलिए इसमें कोई बदलाव नहीं हुआ.)
b) The children had better go to bed early,” said Mohan.
= Mohan said that the children had better go to bed early.
(इस वाक्य की Direct Speech का subject ‘3rd + had better’ है; इसलिए इसमें कोई बदलाव नहीं हुआ.)
c) You’d better not drink the water,” she said.
= She said that I/We had better not drink the water.
= She advised/warned me/us not to drink the water.
(इस वाक्य की Direct Speech का subject ‘2nd + had better’ है; इसलिए इसमें बदलाव कर भी सकते हैं और नहीं भी)
9. He said to me, “You are rich, aren’t you?”
Answer: C
Explanation: Option ‘C’ (He asked me if I was rich.). Indirect Speech में question tags का use नहीं किया जाता.
10. I said to my friend, “Good Morning! Let us go for a picnic today.”
Answer: B
11. I said to him, “How do you know this?”
Answer: D
Explanation: Option ‘D’ (I asked him how he knew it.). THIS और THESE को adjectives के रूप में भी use किया जा सकता और pronouns के रूप में भी. जब ये pronouns होते हैं तो इनको Indirect Speech में ऐसे बदला जाता है: यदि Reporting Verb past tense में होती है तो THIS/THAT को IT में बदला जाता है, और THESE/THOSE को THEY/THEM में बदला जाता है; जैसे
a) He showed me two bullets and said, “I found these embedded in the paneling.” b) He said, “We will discuss this tomorrow.”
= He showed me two bullets and said he had found them embedded in the paneling. = He said that they would discuss it the next day.
12. The new student asked the old one, “Do you know my name?”
Answer: A
13. Rahul said, “I will do it now or never”.
Answer: C
Explanation: Option ‘C’. NOW OR NEVER एक साथ में use किया जाने वाला phrase है; अतः इसमें कोई बदलाव नहीं होता. NOW OR NEVER = इसी समय पर किसी अन्य समय पर नहीं; जैसे
I decided that it was now or never, and jumped.
14. My father once said to me, “If I can’t trust my people, then I don’t want to be doing this.”
Answer: B
Explanation: Option ‘B’ (My father once told me that if he couldn’t trust his people then he didn’t want to be doing that.). यदि कोई assertive sentence IF से शुरू हो तो THAT और IF दोनों का एक साथ use संभव है. ‘If I can trust my people, then I don’t want to be doing this.’ एक assertive sentence है.
15. “You say,” said the judge, “that the bag you lost contained one hundred and ten pounds”. “Yes, your honour,” replied the cheat. “Then as this one contains one hundred pounds it cannot be yours.”
Answer: A
Explanation: Option ‘A’ (The judge asked the cheat if the bag he had lost contained one hundred and ten pounds. The cheat replied respectfully in the affirmative. Then the judge concluded that as that one contained one hundred pounds it could not be his.).
Phrase REPLIED THE CHEAT से स्पष्ट है कि Judge ने जो question किया था वो cheat से ही किया था. अतः Reporting Verb ASKED का use सही है. CONCLUDE = किसी judgement पर पहुंचना
16. The father warned his son that he should be beware of him.
Answer: A
17. The boy pleaded that he had not stolen the book.
Answer: D
Explanation: Option ‘D’ (The boy said, “I haven’t stolen the book.”). Indirect Speech में Present Perfect Tense को Past Perfect Tense में बदला जाता है; और Past Perfect Tense को बदला ही नहीं जाता है. इस नियम के अनुसार options ‘C’ और ‘D’ दोनों को ही शुद्ध होना चाहिए. परन्तु यहाँ ऐसा है नहीं. यहाँ Option ‘C’ अशुद्ध है क्योंकि Past Perfect Tense ऐसे action के लिए use किया जाता है जो किसी दिए गये past time से पहले ही शुरू हो गया हो. लेकिन option ‘C’ में ऐसा कोई सन्दर्भ नहीं हुआ है.
Past Perfect Tense के use का एक उदाहरण:
I met him in Mumbai in 2001. I had seen him last six years before.
18. From one of the windows of my flat I can see the Qutub Minar.’ said my friend.
Answer: C
Explanation: Option ‘C’ (My friend said that from one of the windows of his flat he could see the Qutub Minar.). Option ‘A’ अशुद्ध है क्योंकि verb TELL (यहाँ TOLD) एक transitive verb है; अतः इसके साथ किसी object के use की आवश्यकता पड़ती है. परन्तु option ‘A’ में verb TOLD के लिए कोई object नहीं दिया गया है.
19. I said to him, “Whether she will pass or not is not certain.”
Answer: A
Explanation: Option ‘A’ (I told him that whether she would pass or not was not certain.). Option ‘B’ अशुद्ध है क्योंकि इसके वाक्य में word WHETHER का use आवश्यक है. ‘Whether she will pass or not is not certain.’ कोई Interrogative Sentence नहीं है बल्कि एक Assertive Sentence है.
यहाँ THAT का WHETHER के साथ use बिलकुल सही है क्योंकि Reported Speech में दिया गया sentence एक Assertive Sentence है. Option ‘C’ अशुद्ध है क्योंकि verb TELL (यहाँ TOLD) एक transitive verb है; अतः इसके साथ किसी object के use की आवश्यकता पड़ती है. परन्तु option ‘C’ में verb TOLD के लिए कोई object नहीं दिया गया है.
20. The teacher said, “Students, you have to attend the lecture tomorrow.”
Answer: D
Explanation: Option ‘D’ (The teacher told the students that they had to attend the lecture the next day.). हम देख रहे हैं कि STUDENTS के बाद comma use किया गया है; इसका तात्पर्य है कि जो भी कहा गया है वो STUDENTS को सम्भोदित (address) करते हुए कहा गया है; अतः ये Reporting Clause का object है. इस वाक्य को Direct Speech में ऐसे भी कहा जा सकता है – The teacher said to the students, “You have to attend the lecture tomorrow.”
21. The father said, “Well done, son. I am proud of you.”
Answer: B
Explanation: Option ‘B’ (The father appreciated his son saying that he had done well and that he was proud of him.). Phrase WELL DONE को किसी व्यक्ति की प्रशंसा (appreciation) करने के लिए कहा जाता है.
22. He said to me, “I want you to read the book now.”
Answer: B
Explanation: Option ‘B’ (He said to me that he wanted me to read the book then.). Option ‘A’ अशुद्ध है क्योंकि verb TELL (यहाँ TOLD) एक transitive verb है; अतः इसका कोई ना कोई object होना आवश्यक है; लेकिन इस option में verb TOLD का कोई object नहीं दिया गया है. Indirect Speech में आमतौर पर verb SAY अथवा TELL + OBJECT का use किया जाता है; परन्तु SAY TO + OBJECT का use करना भी पूर्णतया शुद्ध होता है; जैसे .
He said to me, “I just heard the news.”
= He told me that he had just heard the news.
= He said to me that he had just heard the news.
23. The mother said to the son, “Why didn’t you write to me often? I was so worried.”
Answer: D
Explanation: Option ‘D’ (The mother asked the son why he had not written to her often, and said that she had been so worried.). Option ‘A’ अशुद्ध है क्योंकि verb WAS को HAD BEEN में बदला जाना चाहिए था; परन्तु इसमें ऐसा नहीं किया गया है. Option ‘B’ भी अशुद्ध है क्योंकि I WAS SO WORRIED अलग से एक Assertive Sentence है; यह पूछे गये question का part नहीं है; अतः THAT से पहले verb SAID का use किया जाना चाहिए था.
24. “Run away, children quickly” said the teacher.
Answer: C
25. The kidnapper said to the businessman over the phone, “If you don’t pay the ransom at once, I will kill your son.”
Answer: C
View solution with explanation in English
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