ERROR FINDING Practice Set 9 SOLVED IN HINDI & ENGLISH

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1. He was too drunk / to know / where he was going to. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Remove ‘to’ after ‘going’ in part ‘C’. जब हम कहीं जाते हैं तो उस स्थान के नाम के पहले preposition ‘to’ का use किया जाता है; परन्तु ‘where’ के पहले अथवा उसके लिए  ‘to’ का use नहीं होता; जैसे

INCORRECT: Where are you going to?
CORRECT: Where are you going?

2. The energy policy is largely defined by the / energy requirement and has increased focus / on developing sources of energy. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Remove ‘has’ from part ‘C’ क्योंकि यहाँ किसी verb की जरुरत है ही नहीं; बल्कि यहाँ noun ‘focus’ के लिए एक adjective की जरूरत है, अतः ‘increase’ के स्थान पर ‘increased’ का use शुद्ध होगा.

Translation in Hindi: ऊर्जा नीति मुख्य तौर पर ऊर्जा की जरुरत और ऊर्जा के विकसित हो रहे संसाधनों पर बढ़े हुए ध्यान (increased focus) द्वारा तय होती है.

3. It is suspected that a variety of / biological consequences may result from / the increase UV exposure due to ozone depletion. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Replaced ‘increase’ by ‘increased’ in part ‘C’. ‘From’ एक preposition होता है, और किसी भी preposition के लिए वाक्य में हमेशा कोई noun अथवा pronoun होती है. दिए गये वाक्य में वह noun ‘UV exposure’ है. अतः ‘increase’ का use एकदम अशुद्ध है क्योंकि ये तो एक verb होती है. इसकी adjective form ‘increased’ होती है. इसलिए यहाँ ‘increase’ के स्थान पर ‘increased’ किये जाने की आवश्यकता है.

4. All my hope / were duped / and I was plunged in deep sorrow. / NE

Answer: B

Explanation: Replace ‘were’ by ‘was’ in part B’. ‘Hope’ एक uncountable noun भी हो सकती है और countable भी. यहाँ यह countable noun है. जब ‘hope’ एक uncountable noun होती है तो इसका अर्थ होता है ‘future में जो भी होगा तुम्हारी इच्छा अथवा उम्मीद के अनुसार होगा’. जब ‘hope’ एक countable noun होती है इसका अर्थ होता है ‘तुम्हारी किसी इच्छा के होने की सम्भावना’. वाक्य के सन्दर्भ (context) से ये साफ़ है की ये एक uncountable noun है, किसी भी uncountable noun के साथ हमेशा V1 use होती है; अतः ‘were’ के स्थान पर ‘was’ का use होगा.

5. I will not / stay here another minute / if I can help it! / NE

Answer: D

Explanation: No error. ‘If one can help it’ एक idiom है, इसका अर्थ है — अगर कोई किसी स्थिति से बचने (avoid करना) में सक्षम हो पता है; जैसे

a) Are you going to watch the school play? — Not if I can help it.
b) Is he taking a second job? — Not if his wife can help it.
c) He’s not riding on the back of that motorcycle, not if I can help it.

Translation in Hindi: अगर मैं ये avoid कर पाया तो मैं यहाँ एक मिनट भी नहीं रुकुंगा l

NOTE: This, Every, Another HIS, EVERY, ANOTHER और Last/Next + Time से पहले नहीं किसी preposition का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता; जैसे

a) We can’t afford a holiday this year.
b) Where did you go last weekend?
c) My exams finish next Tuesday afternoon.
d) I will not stay here another minute.

6. The officer has / given orders to his / soldiers yesterday. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Remove ‘yesterday’ from part ‘C’ क्योंकि ‘yesterday’ का use perfect tenses में नहीं होता; इसका use केवल Past Simple Tense की verb के साथ ही संभव है.

7. The later part of Gandhi’s life / till he was assassinated / was,  in considerable measure, the life of the nation as well. / NE

Answer: A

Explanation: Replace ‘later’ by ‘latter’ in part ‘A’. ‘Latter’ को किसी व्यक्ति अथवा वस्तु के क्रम (order) बताने के लिए use किया जाता है जबकि ‘later’ को किसी समय के संदर्भ (context) में ही use किया जा सकता है. दिए गये वाक्य में की समय संदर्भ की बात तो है ही नहीं; बल्कि यहाँ हमारा तात्पर्य गांधीजी के जीवन के उस अंश से है जो उनके सम्पूर्ण जीवन के बाद वाला है; जैसे

INCORRECT: Reena came latter than Richi.
CORRECT: Reena came later than Richi.

INCORRECT: The later half of the play was more interesting.
CORRECT: The latter half of the play was more interesting.

8. The food basket contained / a dark chocolate, an eclair, and a pastry / neatly wrapped in foil paper. / NE

Answer: B

Explanation: Replace ‘A’ by ‘some’ in part ‘B’ क्योंकि ‘chocolate’ एक uncountable noun है. Article ‘A’ का use सिर्फ countable nouns के साथ ही किया जा सकता है.

9. It is of primary importance / in swimming to learn / to breath properly. / NE

Answer: A

Explanation: Replace ‘primary’ by ‘prime’ in part ‘A’. Adjective ‘primary’ का use तब किया जाता है जब हम ये कह रहे होते हैं कि कोई चीज किसी अन्य चीज से ज्यादा महत्वपूर्ण है, लेकिन इस दिए गये sentence में कोई ऐसी बात है ही नहीं, हम तो सिर्फ ये कह रहे हैं कि food का health के लिए महत्व क्या है, ऐसे में word ‘prime’ का use सही होता है.

NOTE: दिए गये वाक्य में ‘to breath’ और ‘how to breath’ दोनों ही सही हैं. ये समझने के लिए ये पढ़ें: 

‘How to’ का use कुछ करने की विधि बताने के लिए use किया जाता है. Verb ‘learn’ के साथ इसका use optional होता है. Verb ‘know’ के साथ इसका use आवश्यक होता है; जैसे

I’m learning to drive.
= I’m leaning how to drive.

INCORRECT: Do you know to swim?
CORRECT: Do you know how to swim?

10. Iodine deficiency is / an easy and inexpensive nutrient disorder / to prevent. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Replace ‘to prevent’ by ‘to be prevented’ in part ‘C’. अगर आप दयां से देखेंगे तो आप पाएंगे की ‘to prevent’ के लिए वाक्य में कोई subject नहीं दिया गया है; इसलिए इसको passive voice में बदलने की जरूरत है.

11. He told me the same story / which he told / you yesterday. / NE

Answer: B

Explanation: Replace ‘which’ by ‘that’ in part ‘B’. अगर ‘the same’ के बाद दूसरे clause का subject भी दिया गया हो तो relative pronoun ‘that’ का use किया जाता है; ‘as; अथवा ‘which’ का नहीं.

यहाँ दिए गये वाक्य के दूसरे clause ‘he told me’ का subject ‘he’ दिया हुआ है.

NOTE-I: अगर relative pronoun के तुरंत बाद कोई verb दी गयी हो तो भी ‘the same’ के बाद relative pronoun ‘that’ का use होता है; जैसे

a) This is the same girl that deceived him. (verb ‘deceived’ is there, so you can’t use ‘who’)
b) This is the same dog that bit me. (verb ‘bit’ is there, so you can’t use ‘which’)

NOTE-II: जब हमें कोई समानता दिखानी हो तो ‘the same + noun’ के बाद relative pronoun ‘as’ का use होता है; ‘that’ का नहीं; जैसे

a) This is the same dog as mine.
b) I like the same dress as my brother do.
c) She has the same fair hair and blue eyes as her mother had.
d) This coffee is the same as we had at Mr Sharma’s. (not ‘that’)

12. Vicky is the one who / always finds faults with / whatever Priya does. / NE

Answer: B

Explanation: Replace ‘faults’ by ‘fault’ in part ‘B’.  सही phrase ‘find fault with’ होता है; जैसे

I was disappointed whenever the cook found fault with my work.

13. Not only they need clothing, / but they are also / short of food. / NE

Answer: A

Explanation: Replace not only they need by not only do they need in part ‘A’. दो clauses को जोड़ते समय जब हमें कुछ जोर देकर कहना होता है तो किसी वाक्य की शुरुआत हम negative  conjunctions जैसे कि ‘not only — but also’ और ‘neither — nor’ के साथ कर सकते हैं. अगर ऐसा होता है तो subject और verb को invert करना होता है; अर्थात subject से पहले helping verb का use करना पड़ता है; जैसे

Ram not only is going to Mumbai, but he’s also going to Goa.
= Not only is Ram going to Mumbai, but he’s also going to Goa.

She not only apologized but also sent me a card.
=Not only did she apologize but also sent me a card.

Ram is neither going to Mumbai, he is nor going to Goa.
= Neither is Ram going to Mumbai, nor is he going to Goa. 

NOTE: परन्तु जब ये conjunction दो word अथवा दो phrase को जोड़ते हैं (clauses को नहीं) और किसी वाक्य के शुरू में use होते हैं तो subject और verb को invert नहीं किया जाता; जैसे

INCORRECT: Not only you but also did I applaud the performance. (Joining two pronouns ‘you’ and ‘I’)
CORRECT: Not only you but also I applauded the performance.

14. Indian Defence Forces fought / the enemy till the last man / was standing. / NE

Answer: A

Explanation: Replace Indian Defence Forces by The Indian Defence Force in part ‘A’. किसी FORCE के नाम के पहले article ‘the’ का use आवश्यक होता है. और ‘The Indian Defence Force’  एक ही है; एक से ज्यादा नहीं; अतः इसकी plural form अशुद्ध है.

15. He is marrying a girl / whose family / don’t seem to like him. / NE

Answer: D

Explanation: No error. ‘Family’ एक collective noun होती है. Collective nouns के साथ singular verb भी की जा सकती है और plural verb भी; जैसे

a) Our cricket team is strong enough.
b) The team are fighting among themselves. (Here ‘the team’ = the players of the team]

16. A dozen boys and two girls / have come / for today’s party. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Replace ‘for’ by ‘to’ in part ‘C’. Correct phrase is come to the party’. (prepositional error)

NOTE: Use of ‘today’s’ is absolutely correct. With nouns denoting time and duration we can use the possessive (‘s) ; e.g.

a) Is that yesterday’s paper?
b) I’ve only had one week’s holiday so far this year.

17. As they climb / higher, the air / became cooler. / NE

Answer: A

Explanation: Replace ‘climb’ by ‘climbed’ in part ‘A’. कहीं climb करने की यह कोई particular घटना है. यदि subject ‘one/we/you’ में से कोई होता तो यह एक universal fact बन जाता, और    फिर अशुद्धि  part ‘C’ में होती और verb ‘became’ के स्थान पर ‘becomes’ हो जाती.

18. The principal told me that / I should not enter to his office / without his permission. / NE

Answer: B

Explanation: Remove ‘to’ from part ‘B’. ‘Enter’ = कहीं प्रवेश करना. ‘Enter’ आमतौर पर transitive verb; होती है, और therefore इसका कोई न कोई object भी होता है. अतः इसके साथ कोई preposition use नहीं होता; जैसे

INCORRECT: They entered into the building through the front door.
CORRECT: They entered the building through the front door.

INCORRECT: After entering into university, students make a lot of new friends.
CORRECT: After entering university, students make a lot of new friends.

INCORRECT: In the past it was unthinkable that a woman could enter in politics.
CORRECT: In the past it was unthinkable that a woman could enter politics.

NOTE-I: ‘Enter into’ एक अलग verb होती है. ये एक phrasal verb है जिसका अर्थ होता है ‘कोई अनुबंध (contract) करना, अथवा किसी के साथ  कोई चर्चा (discussion) आरंभ करना; जैसे

Today, eighteen-year olds are considered responsible enough to enter into contracts.

NOTE-II: ‘Enter’ को बिना किसी object के भी use किया जा सकता है; परन्तु इसके साथ कोई preposition फिर भी नहीं आता; जैसे

They stopped talking as soon as they saw Sunita enter.

19. The king Juan Carlos of Spain / arrived in London today / for a three day visit. / NE

Answer: A

Explanation: Remove ‘the’ from part ‘A’. यदि किसी proper noun के पहले title King, Queen, Saint, Pope, आदि  लगे हों तो उस title के पहले article ‘the’ का use नहीं किया जाता; जैसे

King Henry, Queen Victoria, Pope John, Saint Paul

20. It was / very unfortunate of him / to have lost the battle. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Replace to have lost by that he lost or he lost in part ‘C’. ‘It + be (is/am/are/was/were) + unfortunate’ के साथ ‘that-clause’ use किया जाता है; infinitive (to + V1) का नहीं. उस clause में ‘that’ का use स्वैच्छिक (optional) होता है; जैसे

It was unfortunate that he called at the exact moment when our guests were arriving.
= It was unfortunate he called at the exact moment when our guests were arriving.

21. Since my mother / was angry / so I did not utter a word. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Remove ‘so’ from part ‘C’. अगर कोई वाक्य ‘since/because-clause’ से शुरू हो तो अगले clause के पहले शब्द ‘so’ अथवा ‘therefore’ use नहीं किया जाता; जैसे

INCORRECT: Since my mother was angry so I did not go out.
CORRECT: Since my mother was angry I did not go out.

22. I want / that you should perform / well. / NE

Answer: B

Explanation: Replace that you should perform by you to perform in part ‘B’. Verb ‘want’ के बाद ‘that-clause’ का प्रयोग नहीं होता; जैसे

INCORRECT: I want him that he should learn to read.
CORRECT: I want him to learn to read.

INCORRECT: The little girl wanted that I should come and play with her.
CORRECT: The little girl wanted me to come and play with her.

23. The professor informed that / they had all done / very badly. / NE

Answer: A

Explanation: Place ‘them’ after the verb ‘informed’ in part ‘A’ क्योंकि ‘inform’ एक transitive verb है; और इसके साथ इसलिए किसी object का होना आवश्यक है.

24. The three individuals are / so different that their tastes vary / from each another. / NE

Answer: C

Explanation: Replace ‘each other’ by ‘one another’ in part ‘C’. ‘Each other’ का use दो के लिए होता है जबकि ‘one another’ का दो से ज्यादा के लिए; दिए गये वाक्य में आदमियों की संख्या तीन है; जैसे

a) Mohan and Pooja never liked each other. (means Mohan never liked Pooja and Pooja never liked Mohan.)
b) Everyone in the family gave one another presents. (‘Everyone’ means more than two.)

25. He regarded his marriage/as a mean to an end;/he just wanted his wife’s wealth./NE

Answer: B

Explanation: Replace ‘mean’ by ‘means’ in part ‘B’. ‘Mean’ = किसी शब्द का कोई अर्थ. ‘A means to an end’ एक idiom होता है जिसका अर्थ है ‘कुछ ऐसा करना जिसके करने का असली मकसद कुछ और ही हो’; जैसे

He doesn’t particularly like the work but he sees it as a means to an end.

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